AP Calc AB · Chapter 7 of 8

Differential Equations

Model rates with differential equations, visualize slope fields, and solve separable equations with initial conditions.

Why this chapter matters

Differential equations describe systems where change depends on current state, including growth, cooling, and mixing behavior.

What you will learn

  • Interpret slope fields to compare families of possible solutions.
  • Solve separable first-order differential equations.
  • Use initial conditions to determine a specific solution curve.

Lessons in this chapter

  1. From verbal model to differential equationTranslate rate statements into equations involving derivatives.
  2. Slope fields and qualitative behaviorUse local slope patterns to predict long-run tendencies.
  3. Separable equationsSeparate variables, integrate both sides, and apply constants correctly.
  4. Exponential growth and decay solutionsUse dy/dt = ky with initial value data to model changing quantities.

Study task

Solve dy/dx = 2xy with y(0) = 3 and explain how the initial condition changes a family of solutions into one function.

Chapter checkpoint

Solve dy/dx = 4x with y(1) = 5.

Integrate to get y = 2x^2 + C. Use y(1) = 5, so 2 + C = 5 and C = 3. The solution is y = 2x^2 + 3.